The Bresse Gauloise is a French breed of domestic chicken. It originates in the historic region and former province of Bresse, in the regions of Rhône-Alpes, Bourgogne and Franche-Comté, in eastern France. Because of legal restrictions on the use of the name, only white chickens raised within that area may be called "Bresse"; outside it, they are given the name "Gauloise"; the breed name combines both. Four colours are recognised for the Bresse Gauloise, three of them linked to areas within Bresse: the Bresse de Bourg is "grey" (silver-pencilled); the Bresse de Bény is white; the Bresse de Louhans is black; and a blue variety has recently been created. White Bresse de Bény chickens and capons raised in the area of Bresse have appellation d'origine contrôlée status and are marketed as poulet de Bresse; they are regarded as a premium product and command higher prices than other chickens.
The Bresse Gauloise is typically found in its native region of Bresse, which is known for its rich agricultural landscape. The breed thrives in this environment with access to lush pastures that contribute to its renowned flavor. Outside its origin region, it can adapt to various farm environments but is most valued when raised under traditional Bresse conditions.
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 3/5
The Bresse Gauloise is renowned for its high-quality meat, often compared to fine wines in terms of its prestigious status. This breed has become a symbol of French culinary excellence, particularly the white variety known as 'poulet de Bresse'. The appellation d'origine contrôlée status ensures that the chickens are raised under specific conditions to maintain their premium quality.
Bresse Noire or Bresse de Louhans, cock bird